OFFICIAL PORTAL
PRIME MINISTER'S DEPARTMENT
NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY
PRIME MINISTER'S DEPARTMENT
NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY
NEGARA-NEGARA yang terletak di Lingkaran Api Pasifik sememangnya sinonim dengan kejadian gempa bumi dan gunung berapi. Namun, semua itu tidak menghalang untuk penduduk terus mendiami kawasan tersebut. Bak kata pepatah, alah bisa, tegal biasa.
Di sebalik bencana alam yang maha dahsyat itu, kawasan gunung berapi mempunyai bentuk muka bumi yang cantik dan tanah yang subur sehingga menarik ramai pelancong untuk berkunjung ke situ. Berikut CitaRasa kongsikan lima negara yang mempunyai gunung berapi paling aktif di dunia.
1- Amerika Syarikat
AMERIKA Syarikat mempunyai 169 gunung berapi aktif yang kebanyakannya terletak di Alaska dan Hawaii. Di Alaska sahaja mempunyai kira-kira 130 gunung berapi aktif dengan kebanyakannya terletak di sepanjang Kepulauan Aleutian. Ini kebanyakannya disebabkan oleh subduksi Plat Pasifik di bawah Plat Amerika Utara. Hawaii menjadi rumah kepada dua gunung berapi paling besar dan aktif iaitu gunung Kilauea di Pulau Besar dan Mauna Loa yang mempunyai larva gunung berapi paling banyak di dunia.
2- Indonesia
NEGARA ini mempunyai sekitar 130 gunung berapi aktif. Aktiviti gunung berapi ini disebabkan oleh kedudukan Indonesia di sepanjang Lingkaran Api Pasifik yang meliputi beberapa plat tektonik termasuk plat Eurasia, Pasifik dan Indo-Australia berkumpul. Pergerakan dan subduksi plat ini menyebabkan letusan gunung berapi dan gempa bumi yang kerap. Beberapa gunung berapi yang terkenal dan aktif di Indonesia ialah seperti Gunung Merapi, Gunung Sinabung dan Gunung Krakatau.
3- Rusia
RUSIA mempunyai sekitar 120 gunung berapi aktif dan kebanyakannya terletak di bahagian paling timur negara tersebut iaitu di Semenanjung Kamchatka.
Ia sebahagian besarnya adalah kawasan ‘hotspot’ kerana terletak di kawasan Lingkaran Api Pasifik. Semenanjung Kamchatka adalah rumah kepada beberapa gunung berapi terkenal di Rusia seperti Klyuchevskaya Sopka, Shiveluch dan Tolbachik. Gunung berapi ini adalah sebahagian daripada landskap dramatik di rantau itu yang telah diiktiraf sebagai Tapak Warisan Dunia di bawah Pertubuhan Pendidikan, Saintifik dan Kebudayaan Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (UNESCO) kerana keindahan semula jadi dan kepentingan geologinya.
4- Jepun
TERLETAK di sepanjang Lingkaran Api Pasifik, Jepun mempunyai 111 gunung berapi aktif yang mewakili kira-kira 10 peratus daripada gunung berapi aktif di dunia. Lokasi tektoniknya berada di sempadan konvergen banyak plat, mengakibatkan letusan berkala dan gempa bumi. Gunung berapi yang paling terkenal di negara itu ialah Gunung Fuji, Gunung Sakurajima dan Gunung Aso. Gunung Fuji adalah simbol ikonik Jepun dan kali terakhir meletus adalah pada tahun 1707.
Gunung Sakurajima yang terletak di Teluk Kagoshima adalah salah satu gunung berapi paling aktif di negara ini dengan letusan kerap yang memberi kesan kepada kawasan sekitarnya, manakala Gunung Aso yang terletak di pulau Kyushu merupakan salah satu gunung berapi aktif terbesar di dunia yang mempunyai kaldera besar dan berbilang kawah aktif.
5- Chile
KIRA-KIRA 90 gunung berapi aktif di Chile yang kebanyakannya terletak di sepanjang Banjaran Andes.
Aktiviti gunung berapi di Chile adalah disebabkan oleh subduksi Plat Nazca di bawah Plat Amerika Selatan yang membawa kepada letusan biasa. Beberapa gunung berapi aktif yang terkenal di negara itu ialah Gunung Villarrica, Gunung Llaima dan Gunung Calbuco.
Gunung berapi ini membentuk rupa bumi serta menyediakan tanah yang subur.
Perkhidmatan Geologi dan Perlombongan Negara (Sernageomin) sentiasa memantau gunung berapi di Chile yang sekali gus mengeluarkan amaran awal bagi membantu mengurangkan risiko kecelakaan akibat letusan.
SYDNEY, 16 Feb: Amaran banjir dikeluarkan di barat laut Australia selepas siklon tropika melanda pada Jumaat, membawa hujan lebat dan angin kencang, lapor Xinhua.
Siklon Tropika Zelia melintasi pantai Australia Barat (WA) berhampiran pekan kecil De Grey di Wilayah Pilbara, barat laut negeri itu sebagai ribut kategori empat sejurus selepas tengah hari waktu tempatan pada Jumaat, beberapa jam lebih awal daripada jangkaan. Ia pada asalnya diramalkan melanda pantai pada waktu malam sebagai ribut kategori lima.
Kelajuan angin mencecah sehingga 220 kilometer sejam, manakala hujan melebihi 500 milimeter direkodkan di De Grey sebelum ribut itu melemah dengan cepat.
Pihak berkuasa pada pagi Sabtu menurunkan statusnya kepada bekas siklon tropika tetapi memberi amaran bahawa hujan lebat dijangka berterusan dan boleh menyebabkan banjir kilat.
Angus Hines dari Biro Meteorologi (BoM) berkata, jumlah hujan yang memecah rekod telah dilaporkan di beberapa bahagian pantai Pilbara.
“Akan terdapat kesan banjir yang ketara untuk beberapa hari akan datang dan penutupan jalan secara meluas dijangka berterusan sementara kerja-kerja pembersihan dijalankan,” katanya kepada Perbadanan Penyiaran Australia.
Angin kencang turut menumbangkan pokok di seluruh wilayah itu, namun sehingga pagi Sabtu, tiada laporan kerosakan besar atau kecederaan.
Beberapa pekan terputus hubungan selepas jalan ditenggelami air. Hines berkata, penutupan jalan secara ketara dijangka berlaku apabila paras air meningkat.
Jabatan Perkhidmatan Bomba dan Kecemasan WA menggesa penduduk Pilbara supaya berhati-hati dengan bangunan yang rosak, air banjir serta tiang elektrik dan pokok yang tumbang. -TVS
KUALA LUMPUR: Thirty-six water treatment plants across the country, particularly in Johor and near Singapore, have seen a significant drop in yield, according to National Water Services Commission (SPAN) studies involving 150 of the facilities.
SPAN chairman Charles Santiago said this decline can be traced back to the increasing challenges faced by the country’s rivers, which has worsened, and their ability to support water treatment operations has diminished due to deforestation and pollution.
“This is particularly concerning, as 81% of Malaysia’s drinking water comes from rivers, with only 18% sourced from dams and a small percentage from underground reservoirs.
“The strain on our river systems highlights the urgent need for action to protect and restore these vital water sources,” he told delegates at the Siemens Data Centre Conference entitled “Shaping the Future of Data Centres in Malaysia” on Thursday.
Santiago said Malaysia could experience up to 200 heatwave days annually by 2050, which would pose significant challenges to water security, agriculture and public health.
He said Malaysia is already feeling the impacts of rising temperatures, erratic weather patterns and an increasing frequency of environmental disasters.
“Malaysia is no stranger to the escalating climate emergency, a crisis that continues to intensify with each passing year. According to the latest report from the World Meteorological Organisation, Asia is heating up faster than the global average, making it the most disaster-prone region due to extreme weather and climate hazards. There is an urgent need for adaptive measures to safeguard the country’s vital resources and infrastructure.”
Santiago said water scarcity, in particular, is becoming a critical challenge. Rising temperatures are leading to faster evaporation, depleting reservoirs and reducing freshwater availability.
“This threatens daily water consumption and impacts industries such as farming and energy production, which rely heavily on stable water resources. Without urgent action, Malaysia could face severe disruptions, forcing communities and businesses to rethink how they use and manage water in an increasingly unpredictable climate,” he added.
Santiago questioned the necessity of using potable water for the liquid cooling process for data centres. “What are we using in the data centres? We are using potable water. Now, this is a disaster in the making. And it is highly unsustainable.
“So, in the next three to five years, there must be a transition towards sustainable water management. This includes reclaiming water, rainwater harvesting, and, if feasible, desalination. Additionally, stormwater presents a viable option, especially in Malaysia, where frequent flooding is a reality,” he said.
Malaysia must urgently transition to sustainable water solutions, particularly for data centres, Santiago said..
“The use of stormwater, for instance, can be scaled up to meet the growing demand. With the possibility of prolonged droughts lasting up to five months, it is essential to adapt to such challenges.
“Much of the country’s water, including rainwater and river water, comes from rainfall. What flows into the catchment areas and rivers constitutes 81% of the water we rely on for consumption. Therefore, managing this water effectively is crucial for the future.”
Santiago said that given the uncertainty of weather projections in Malaysia, including the possibility of droughts lasting three to four months, using potable water for data centres is not a sustainable long-term solution.
“As the digital economy grows, it is essential to transition to alternative water sources, and this shift must be mandatory. To encourage this transition, a timeline should be set – perhaps three years – with a requirement that a certain percentage of water used by data centres must come from sustainable sources,” according to him.
Santiago said companies such as Microsoft and Amazon Web Services in California, the United States, are already committed to using 50% rainwater harvesting and 50% reclaimed water, setting a clear standard.
“Malaysia, however, is currently relying entirely on potable water, and this must change,” he stressed.
SIBU (Feb 17): The Sibu Municipal Council (SMC) has applied for RM7 million in disaster relief fund to carry out a sheet piling project at the landslide affected areas in Rantau Panjang here.
The council, in an emergency meeting held recently, had submitted the request for the funding from the state government, said its chairman Clarence Ting.
“The affected residents expressed hope for SMC to address the issue quickly.
“As it (project) involves structural matters, we will leave it to the engineers on the technical aspects and designs decisions of the project.
“We are taking this issue very seriously, and we will push things through,” he told reporters when met at the Sarawak United People’s Party (SUPP) Pelawan’s New Year Gala dinner here on Saturday, which had Deputy Minister of Public Health, Housing and Local Government Sarawak Datuk Michael Tiang as its guest-of-honour.
It is informed that a total of 38 residents from eight houses at Lorong Rantau Panjang Jaya in Teku here were affected by the landslide, which struck on Feb 4.
Additionally, Ting said the council had also applied for a fund under the 13th Malaysia Plan (13MP) to elevate the level of roads at Pulau Li Hua here.
The SUPP Pelawan chairman added that the installation of new pumping stations at Kampung Nangka here, as part of the Sibu flood mitigation project, had helped reduce the risk of flooding in the area.
New Delhi dilanda gempa 4.0 magnitud
- Admin UKK
- Berita
INDIA: Penduduk di New Delhi, India dikejutkan dengan gempa 4.0 magnitud yang melanda pada jam 5.36 pagi waktu tempatan.
Pusat Seismologi Kebangsaan mendedahkan, gegaran dikesan pada kedalaman 5 kilometer di Dhaula Kuan.
Perdana Menteri Narendra Modi dalam kenyataan di media sosial menggesa penduduk agar kekal tenang dan mengikuti garis panduan serta langkah berjaga-jaga dengan kemungkinan berlakunya gempa susulan.
Gempa 4.0 magnitud juga dilaporkan berlaku di wilayah Bihar pada jam 8.02 pagi waktu tempatan.
Tiada kerosakan teruk atau kecederaan dilaporkan setakat ini. – NEWS18